Nodes, L1/L2, Rollups

Layer 1 blockchains, consensus, scaling, and developer tradeoffs Layer 1s Explained: Ethereum vs Solana vs Avalanche Layer 1 blockchains are base networks that provide settlement, execution, data availability, validator security, and the foundation for decentralized applications. Ethereum, Solana, and Avalanche all compete as major Layer 1 ecosystems, but they make different tradeoffs. Ethereum prioritizes deep

Ethereum scaling, rollup security, and data availability guide Layer 2 Rollups Explained: Optimistic vs ZK and the Critical Role of Data Availability Layer 2 rollups are Ethereum’s main scaling path because they move execution off Ethereum while still using Ethereum for settlement, proofs, and data availability. But rollups are not automatically safe just because they