DeFi & Staking

Learn how decentralized finance(DeFi) works from liquidity pools and AMMs to staking, yield farming, and restaking protocols.

Multi-sig Wallets (Safe/Gnosis) and MPC Overview

Multi-sig Wallets and MPC: Shared Control, Fewer Single Points of Failure Set m-of-n approvals for treasury moves, upgrade rights, or personal vault safety. Compare on-chain multisig and MPC, design pragmatic policies, and avoid common operational mistakes. TL;DR: A multisig is a smart-contract account that executes only after m-of-n owner approvals; policy is transparent and enforceable […]

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Stablecoins (USDC, DAI, Algorithmic Risks)

Stablecoins: USDC, DAI & Algorithmic Risks How different designs hold a peg, what can go wrong under stress, and a practical playbook for safer usage. TL;DR: Fiat-backed stables (e.g., USDC) hold off-chain reserves and rely on issuer redemptions and banking rails. Over-collateralized crypto stables (e.g., DAI) mint against on-chain collateral with risk parameters (fees, liquidation

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AMMs and DEXs (Uniswap, Curve)

AMMs & DEXs: Uniswap & Curve Explained Constant-product markets, concentrated liquidity, stable-swap curves, slippage, fees, and MEV. everything you need to trade or provide liquidity with confidence. TL;DR: AMMs price assets via math, not order books. Uniswap uses constant-product (x·y=k) and now concentrated liquidity; Curve optimizes for stable pairs with a low-slippage “stable-swap” curve. Mind

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Auditing and Testing (Foundry/Hardhat, fuzzing, static analysis)

Auditing & Testing: From Unit Tests to Fuzzing & Invariants Ship with confidence: rigorous tests, automated checks, and structured reviews before mainnet. TL;DR: Use Foundry or Hardhat for unit/integration tests, add fuzzing/invariant tests, run static analysis (Slither), measure coverage, and follow an audit checklist with clear threat models. In this lesson Tooling Stack Foundry Example

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Staking & Restaking: Risks and Rewards

Staking & Restaking: Risks and Rewards Intermediate DeFi • ~11 min read • Updated: 08/08/2025 TL;DR: In Proof-of-Stake (PoS), validators lock capital to secure the network and earn rewards. You can participate directly (solo), delegate to professionals, or use liquid staking to get a tradable receipt (an LST). Know the tradeoffs: slashing (penalties for misbehavior),

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